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Inducible expression eliminates the fitness cost of vancomycin resistance in enterococci.

Marie-Laure Foucault Florence Depardieu Patrice Courvalin Catherine Grillot-Courvalin

Inducible vancomycin resistance in enterococci is due to a sophisticated mechanism that combines synthesis of cell wall peptidoglycan precursors with low affinity for glycopeptides and elimination of the normal target precursors. Although this dual mechanism, which involves seven genes organized in two operons, is predicted to have a high fitness c...

Stepwise release of biologically active HMGB1 during HSV-2 infection.

Chloé Borde Stéphanie Barnay-Verdier Claire Gaillard Hakim Hocini Vincent Maréchal Joël Gozlan

High mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) is a major endogenous danger signal that triggers inflammation and immunity during septic and aseptic stresses. HMGB1 recently emerged as a key soluble factor in the pathogenesis of various infectious diseases, but nothing is known of its behaviour during herpesvirus infection. We therefore investigated the...

Interaction between nucleosome assembly protein 1-like family members.

Mikael Attia Andreas Förster Christophe Rachez Paul Freemont Philip Avner Ute Christine Rogner

Mammals possess five nucleosome assembly protein 1-like (NAP1L) proteins, with three of them being expressed exclusively in the nervous system. The biological importance of the neuron-specific NAP1L2 protein is demonstrated by the neural tube defects occurring during the embryonic development of Nap1l2 mutant mice, which are associated with an over...

Oxidative stress resistance in Deinococcus radiodurans.

Dea Slade Miroslav Radman

Deinococcus radiodurans is a robust bacterium best known for its capacity to repair massive DNA damage efficiently and accurately. It is extremely resistant to many DNA-damaging agents, including ionizing radiation and UV radiation (100 to 295 nm), desiccation, and mitomycin C, which induce oxidative damage not only to DNA but also to all cellular ...

H2B ubiquitylation controls the formation of export-competent mRNP.

Adeline Vitaliano-Prunier Anna Babour Lucas Hérissant Luciano Apponi Thanasis Margaritis Frank C P Holstege Anita H Corbett Carole Gwizdek Catherine Dargemont

Histone H2B ubiquitylation is a transcription-dependent modification that not only regulates nucleosome dynamics but also controls the trimethylation of histone H3 on lysine 4 by promoting ubiquitylation of Swd2, a component of both the histone methyltransferase COMPASS complex and the cleavage and polyadenylation factor(CPF). We show that preventi...

Phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphatase oculocerebrorenal syndrome of Lowe protein (OCRL) controls actin dynamics during earl...

Andreas Kühbacher Daphné Dambournet Arnaud Echard Pascale Cossart Javier Pizarro-Cerdá

Listeria monocytogenes is a bacterial pathogen that induces its own entry into a broad range of mammalian cells through interaction of the bacterial surface protein InlB with the cellular receptor Met, promoting an actin polymerization/depolymerization process that leads to pathogen engulfment. Phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate (PI[4,5]P(2)) and tr...

Archaeal tetrathionate hydrolase goes viral: secretion of a sulfur metabolism enzyme in the form of virus-like particles...

Mart Krupovic Nuno Peixeiro Marcus Bettstetter Reinhard Rachel David Prangishvili

In the course of screening for virus-host systems in extreme thermal environments, we have isolated a strain of the hyperthermophilic archaeaon Acidianus hospitalis producing unusual filamentous particles with a zipper-like appearance. The particles were shown to represent a secreted form of a genuine cellular enzyme, tetrathionate hydrolase, invol...

Netrin-1 inhibits sprouting angiogenesis in developing avian embryos.

Karine Bouvrée Bruno Larrivée Xiang Lv Li Yuan Benjamin DeLafarge Catarina Freitas Thomas Mathivet Christiane Bréant Marc Tessier-Lavigne Andreas Bikfalvi ...

Netrin-1 is a bifunctional axonal guidance cue, capable of attracting or repelling developing axons via activation of receptors of the deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC) and uncoordinated 5 (UNC5) families, respectively. In addition to its role in axon guidance, Netrin-1 has been implicated in angiogenesis, where it may also act as a bifunctional c...

Tdp1 protects against oxidative DNA damage in non-dividing fission yeast.

Samia Ben Hassine Benoit Arcangioli

In humans, a mutation in the tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase (Tdp1) is responsible for the recessively inherited syndrome spinocerebellar ataxia with axonal neuropathy (SCAN1). Tdp1 is a well-conserved DNA repair enzyme, which processes modified 3' phospho-DNA adducts in vitro. Here, we report that in the yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, tdp1 mutant ...

Fitness cost of VanA-type vancomycin resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Marie-Laure Foucault Patrice Courvalin Catherine Grillot-Courvalin

We have quantified the biological cost of VanA-type glycopeptide resistance due to the acquisition of the resistance operon by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from Enterococcus sp. Exponential growths of recipient strain HIP11713, its transconjugant VRSA-1, VRSA-5, and VRSA-6 were compared in the absence or, except for HIP11713, ...

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